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Deciduous trees · surfaces — Mixed Deciduous Treesdectr composite

Surface bundlesdectrbeijingcity

Composition

This composite is assembled from the entries below. Each evidence record keeps its own scientific review; a separate composition review assesses why these components were selected and how they are mapped.

albedoDeciduous Forest generic Awaiting sign-off
alb_min 0.16 · alb_max 0.16
emissivityDeciduous trees generic Awaiting sign-off
emis 0.98
water_storageDeciduous Tree swindon Awaiting sign-off
storage_drain_params.store_min 0.3 · storage_drain_params.store_max 0.8
leaf_area_indexDeciduous Tree generic Awaiting sign-off
lai.lai_type 0 · lai.lai_min 1 · lai.lai_max 5.5
leaf_growth_powerDeciduous Tree, LaiEq = 0 beijing Awaiting sign-off
lai.lai_power.growth_lai -1.42 · lai.lai_power.growth_gdd 0.00258 · lai.lai_power.senescence_lai 2
drainageDeciduous Tree generic Awaiting sign-off
storage_drain_params.drain_eq 3 · storage_drain_params.drain_coef_1 0.013 · storage_drain_params.drain_coef_2 1.71
max_vegetation_conductanceDeciduous Tree beijing Awaiting sign-off
max_conductance 7
porosityDeciduous Tree generic Awaiting sign-off
porosity_min_deciduous 0.2 · porosity_max_deciduous 0.6
biogen_co2Mixed trees helsinki Awaiting sign-off
alpha_bio_co2 0.031 · beta_bio_co2 8.3463 · theta_bio_co2 0.723
snow_lim_patchDeciduous Tree generic Awaiting sign-off
snowpack_limit 190
vegetation_growthDeciduous Tree helsinki Curation required
lai.base_temperature 5 · lai.base_temperature_senescence 10 · lai.gdd_full 300
ohm · summer_wetMixed Forest [20] McCaughey (1985) Verified
a1 0.11 · a2 0.11 · a3 -12.3
ohm · summer_dryMixed Forest [20] McCaughey (1985) Verified
a1 0.11 · a2 0.11 · a3 -12.3
ohm · winter_wetMixed Forest [20] McCaughey (1985) Verified
a1 0.11 · a2 0.11 · a3 -12.3
ohm · winter_dryMixed Forest [20] McCaughey (1985) Verified
a1 0.11 · a2 0.11 · a3 -12.3

Composition provenance

Curation required

Assembled · assessed by provenance-audit · 2026-08-24. Agent assessment is composition review preparation, not human verification.

Mixed Forest [20] McCaughey (1985)Selected component

Fills the four OHM positions summer_wet, summer_dry, winter_wet and winter_dry. The record declares target ohm_coefficients, source grimmond1991b, no place and no representativeness, and is named "Mixed Forest [20] McCaughey (1985)". It declares no season_label, so nothing in it distinguishes the four positions it fills.

Mixed treesSelected component

Fills biogen_co2. The stable Beijing-path record declares target land_cover.common, place helsinki and representativeness site. Its values are the mixed Finnish tuple compiled by Zheng for Beijing; docs/FORMAT.md defines land_cover.common as the surface-agnostic target, so it is admissible in a deciduous-tree composite.

Deciduous TreeSelected component

Fills leaf_area_index. The stable Beijing-path record declares target land_cover.dectr, place generic and representativeness generic. It carries source jarvi2011, method literature and declares lai.lai_type 0; the Beijing application does not make these published model bounds city evidence.

Deciduous Tree, LaiEq = 0Selected component

Fills leaf_growth_power. The record declares target land_cover.dectr, place beijing and representativeness site. It is named "Deciduous Tree, LaiEq = 0", carries source zheng-y2023 and declares lai.lai_type 0, matching the leaf_area_index component.

Deciduous TreeSelected component

Fills max_vegetation_conductance. The record declares target land_cover.dectr, place beijing and representativeness city. It carries source zheng-y2023.

Deciduous TreeSelected component

Fills vegetation_growth. The record declares target land_cover.dectr, place helsinki and representativeness city. It carries source jarvi2014 and supplies base_temperature, base_temperature_senescence, gdd_full and sdd_full, which schema/parameter_groups.yml classes as one tightly linked set.

Deciduous TreeSelected component

Fills snow_lim_patch. The stable path and origin retain Helsinki migration lineage, while the record declares target land_cover.dectr, place generic, representativeness generic, applicable_scale land_cover, source jarvi2014 and method literature. It supplies the published 190 mm land-cover default.

Deciduous ForestSelected component

Fills albedo. The record declares target land_cover.dectr, place generic and representativeness generic. It is named "Deciduous Forest", carries source vargo2013 and declares method literature.

Deciduous TreeSelected component

Fills drainage. The record is the generic, land-cover-scale Deciduous Tree literature tuple compiled by Järvi et al.; its sidecar separates the deciduous storage summary and explicit cross-surface coefficient transfer from Havu's later Helsinki application.

Deciduous TreeSelected component

Fills porosity. The record declares target land_cover.dectr, place generic, representativeness generic, applicable_scale land_cover, source unreferenced and method assumed. It supplies porosity_min_deciduous and porosity_max_deciduous to all eight deciduous-tree composites.

Deciduous treesSelected component

Fills emissivity. The record declares target land_cover.dectr, place generic and representativeness generic. It is named "Deciduous trees", carries source oke1987 and declares method literature.

Deciduous TreeSelected component

Fills water_storage. The record declares target land_cover.dectr, place se-england and representativeness regional. It carries source jarvi2011 and is the store_min and store_max entry of every deciduous-tree composite.

Assessment findings

Composite identitysupported
The composite is named "Mixed Deciduous Trees", its origin reads "Beijing, China" and its place is beijing. Two components retain Beijing evidence, namely leaf growth power and maximum conductance, while the biogenic CO2 set is now correctly scoped to its Viikki, Helsinki evidence site. The leaf area index is a generic literature input used by the Beijing configuration. The albedo component is named "Deciduous Forest"; only the biogenic CO2 component carries the mixed qualifier in its name, "Mixed trees". Alone among the eight deciduous-tree composites this label names no study, so it claims nothing about authorship that the components could contradict.
Composite targetsupported
The composite's own target is land_cover.dectr. Ten of its twelve components declare target land_cover.dectr; the biogenic CO2 component declares land_cover.common, which docs/FORMAT.md defines as the target for surface-agnostic sets; and the four OHM positions take a record declaring ohm_coefficients, the type that slot carries. The leaf_area_index and leaf_growth_power components both declare lai.lai_type 0, so the pair belongs to one LAI equation, which is the coupling schema/parameter_groups.yml makes a rule for that slot pair.
Own parameter valuesnot applicable
The composite declares no parameter overrides of its own.
Composition rationalenot applicable
The composite claims no composition source, and the repository records no published rationale for this typology. The components' own sources belong to their evidence assessments, not to this review.
Place applicabilitycuration required
The composite claims place beijing, registered in db/places.yml with Koppen class Dwa, but only two of its twelve components carry that place. Two carry place helsinki, registered Dfb; one carries place swindon, registered Cfb; six are generic; and the OHM record carries no place at all. The newly explicit Helsinki component is the Viikki Tilia biogenic fit applied by Zheng in Beijing. The remaining Helsinki climate import is records/surfaces/dectr/helsinki--jarvi2014--phenology, which supplies growing- and senescing-degree-day thresholds set for a cold-climate Nordic city and carried here into a monsoon-influenced continental one. Snowpack limit and drainage are generic land-cover literature inputs and create no Helsinki- or London-to-Beijing transfer. The phenology import still needs an explicit composition rationale or replacement.
Representativenesscorrection required
The composite claims representativeness city. Six components are generic, two are city, and three are site-scoped—the Beijing leaf-growth fit, the Viikki biogenic tuple and the Swindon water-storage record. The OHM component declares no class. All three site results are narrower than the city archetype; whether to retain them knowingly or narrow the composite is a composition-curation decision.
Slot and season mappingsupported
The composite assembles existing records into slots and produces no value of its own. All four OHM positions take records/ohm/generic--unreferenced--all-vegetation--mixed-forest-20-mccaughey-1985, which declares no season_label, and no OHM record in the database declares a wet or dry label, so one season-agnostic coefficient set in all four positions is the only mapping the entries support.
Completeness and uniquenesssupported
Twelve distinct records fill the fifteen slot positions the deciduous-tree composites use, and every one of those slots is filled. No other archetype under db/archetypes/surfaces/dectr carries place beijing, and this is the only one of the eight to take its leaf area index from records/surfaces/dectr/beijing--ward2013--lai, so the composite is not a duplicate of any sibling. scripts/export_record.py also recognises a water_state slot and db/records/surfaces/dectr holds records/surfaces/dectr/se-england--ward2016--water-state, which no deciduous-tree composite references.

Scientific note

The Beijing-specific content of this typology is real but partial. Two slots take Beijing evidence: leaf growth power and maximum conductance from zheng-y2023. The biogenic CO2 slot retains its stable Beijing path and Zheng source but is now correctly scoped to the Viikki, Helsinki site where its strongest local fit was produced. The leaf area index is a generic literature input from jarvi2011. The LAI pair is internally consistent, both records declaring lai.lai_type 0, and the targets and the OHM mapping are sound. The leaf_growth_power component is a one-park site fit inside this city-classed composite, which now requires explicit composition curation. The biogenic site transfer creates the same explicit scale question, as does the site-scoped Swindon water-storage import. Of the other imports, two them matter more than the rest: the four degree-day thresholds come from Helsinki, a Dfb city, into a composite placed at Beijing, a Dwa city, and describe when leaves appear and fall rather than what a deciduous tree is. Snowpack limit and drainage are openly generic literature evidence and do not compound that transfer question. The remaining climate-conditioned choice cannot be settled from the entries and is not a defect in the component value; it is a composition decision that was never written down. A maintainer should either record why the phenology transfer is acceptable for Beijing or replace that slot. The components' values remain subject to their own evidence assessments; this review does not revisit them.

Model-ready fragment

Paste under land_cover.dectr in a SUEWS YAML configuration; every value carries its citation.

alb_min:
  value: 0.16
  ref:
    ID: vargo2013
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.10.007
    desc: generic, generic
alb_max:
  value: 0.16
  ref:
    ID: vargo2013
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.10.007
    desc: generic, generic
emis:
  value: 0.98
  ref:
    ID: oke1987
    DOI: null
    desc: generic, generic
storage_drain_params:
  store_min:
    value: 0.3
    ref:
      ID: ward2018
      DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
      desc: swindon, site
  store_max:
    value: 0.8
    ref:
      ID: ward2018
      DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
      desc: swindon, site
  drain_eq:
    value: 3
    ref:
      ID: jarvi2011
      DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.001
      desc: generic, generic, land_cover
  drain_coef_1:
    value: 0.013
    ref:
      ID: jarvi2011
      DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.001
      desc: generic, generic, land_cover
  drain_coef_2:
    value: 1.71
    ref:
      ID: jarvi2011
      DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.001
      desc: generic, generic, land_cover
lai:
  lai_type:
    value: 0
    ref:
      ID: zheng-y2023
      DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
      desc: beijing, site
  lai_min:
    value: 1
    ref:
      ID: zheng-y2023
      DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
      desc: beijing, site
  lai_max:
    value: 5.5
    ref:
      ID: zheng-y2023
      DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
      desc: beijing, site
  lai_power:
    growth_lai:
      value: -1.42
      ref:
        ID: zheng-y2023
        DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
        desc: beijing, site
    growth_gdd:
      value: 0.00258
      ref:
        ID: zheng-y2023
        DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
        desc: beijing, site
    senescence_lai:
      value: 2
      ref:
        ID: zheng-y2023
        DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
        desc: beijing, site
    senescence_sdd:
      value: 0.0001
      ref:
        ID: zheng-y2023
        DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
        desc: beijing, site
  base_temperature:
    value: 5
    ref:
      ID: jarvi2014
      DOI: 10.5194/gmd-7-1691-2014
      desc: helsinki, city
  base_temperature_senescence:
    value: 10
    ref:
      ID: jarvi2014
      DOI: 10.5194/gmd-7-1691-2014
      desc: helsinki, city
  gdd_full:
    value: 300
    ref:
      ID: jarvi2014
      DOI: 10.5194/gmd-7-1691-2014
      desc: helsinki, city
  sdd_full:
    value: -450
    ref:
      ID: jarvi2014
      DOI: 10.5194/gmd-7-1691-2014
      desc: helsinki, city
wet_threshold:
  value: 0.8
  ref:
    ID: jarvi2011
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.10.001
    desc: generic, generic, land_cover
max_conductance:
  value: 7
  ref:
    ID: zheng-y2023
    DOI: 10.5194/gmd-16-4551-2023
    desc: beijing, city
porosity_min_deciduous:
  value: 0.2
  ref:
    ID: unreferenced
    DOI: null
    desc: generic, generic, land_cover
porosity_max_deciduous:
  value: 0.6
  ref:
    ID: unreferenced
    DOI: null
    desc: generic, generic, land_cover
alpha_bio_co2:
  value: 0.031
  ref:
    ID: bellucco2017
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.12.011
    desc: helsinki, site
beta_bio_co2:
  value: 8.3463
  ref:
    ID: havu2022
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-19-2121-2022
    desc: helsinki, site
theta_bio_co2:
  value: 0.723
  ref:
    ID: bellucco2017
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.12.011
    desc: helsinki, site
resp_a:
  value: 0.78
  ref:
    ID: havu2022
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-19-2121-2022
    desc: helsinki, site
resp_b:
  value: 0.08
  ref:
    ID: havu2022
    DOI: 10.5194/bg-19-2121-2022
    desc: helsinki, site
min_res_bioco2:
  value: 0.6
  ref:
    ID: jarvi2019
    DOI: 10.1029/2018JD029576
    desc: helsinki, site
snowpack_limit:
  value: 190
  ref:
    ID: jarvi2014
    DOI: 10.5194/gmd-7-1691-2014
    desc: generic, generic, land_cover
ohm_coef:
  summer_wet:
    a1:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: -12.3
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
  summer_dry:
    a1:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: -12.3
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
  winter_wet:
    a1:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: -12.3
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
  winter_dry:
    a1:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.11
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: -12.3
      ref:
        ID: grimmond1991b
        DOI: 10.1016/0957-1272(91)90003-W
        desc: land_cover

Composition review

Curation requiredReview procedure

Composite metadata

Placebeijing
Scopecity
Targetland_cover.dectr · docs
Origin“Beijing, China” (verbatim legacy string)
Schema2026.5 · legacy row 24240010

Used by 4 entries

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