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Paved · surfaces — Suburban residential, Ward et al. (2016)paved composite

Surface bundlespavedswindoncity

Composition

This composite is assembled from the entries below. Each evidence record keeps its own scientific review; a separate composition review assesses why these components were selected and how they are mapped.

albedoPaved se-england Awaiting sign-off
alb 0.1
emissivityPaved swindon Curation required
emis 0.95
water_storagePaved swindon Awaiting sign-off
storage_drain_params.store_min 0.48 · storage_drain_params.store_max 0.48
drainagePaved swindon Awaiting sign-off
storage_drain_params.drain_eq 3 · storage_drain_params.drain_coef_1 10 · storage_drain_params.drain_coef_2 3
constructionArchived internal construction fixture generic Awaiting sign-off
roof [{'material': 'records/materials/generic--lindberg-f2020--outer-roof-sample-run-ceramic-tiles-slate-shingles-concrete', 'thickness': 0.1}] · roof_insulation_layer 1 · wall [{'material': 'records/materials/generic--lindberg-f2020--outer-roof-sample-run-ceramic-tiles-slate-shingles-concrete', 'thickness': 0.1}]
snow_lim_patchPaved generic Awaiting sign-off
snowpack_limit 190
ohm · summer_wetCode 851 x Multiplier for summer [8511] Awaiting sign-off
a1 0.722 · a2 0.3 · a3 -36.14
ohm · summer_dryCode 851 x Multiplier for summer [8511] Awaiting sign-off
a1 0.722 · a2 0.3 · a3 -36.14
ohm · winter_wetCode 851 x Multiplier for winter [8512] Awaiting sign-off
a1 0.848 · a2 0.3 · a3 14.16
ohm · winter_dryCode 851 x Multiplier for winter [8512] Awaiting sign-off
a1 0.848 · a2 0.3 · a3 14.16

Composition provenance

Curation required

Assembled · assessed by provenance-audit · 2026-08-23. Agent assessment is composition review preparation, not human verification.

PavedSelected component

Fills the albedo slot. The record declares target land_cover.paved, name Paved, place se-england, representativeness site, applicable_scale land_cover, source ward2016 and method fitted, and carries alb.

PavedSelected component

Fills the emissivity slot. The record declares target land_cover.paved, name Paved, place swindon, representativeness city and source ward2016, and carries emis.

PavedSelected component

Fills the water_storage slot. The record declares target land_cover.paved, name Paved, place se-england, representativeness regional and source jarvi2011, and carries store_min and store_max under storage_drain_params.

PavedSelected component

Fills the drainage slot. The record declares target land_cover.paved, name Paved, place se-england, representativeness regional and source ward2018, and carries drain_eq, drain_coef_1, drain_coef_2 and wet_threshold.

Archived internal construction fixtureSelected component

Fills the construction slot. The record declares target construction, name Archived internal construction fixture, place generic, representativeness generic, source unreferenced and method assumed, and carries roof and wall layer lists with roof_insulation_layer and wall_insulation_layer. scripts/export_record.py keeps the construction slot out of the surface fragment, so this reference contributes no exported value.

PavedSelected component

Fills the snow_lim_patch slot. The stable path and origin retain Helsinki migration lineage, while the record declares target land_cover.paved, name Paved, place generic, representativeness generic, applicable_scale land_cover, source jarvi2014 and method literature, and carries snowpack_limit.

Code 851 x Multiplier for summer [8511]Selected component

Fills the ohm summer_wet and summer_dry positions. The record declares target ohm_coefficients, name 'Code 851 x Multiplier for summer [8511]', season_label Summer and source ward2016, carries a1, a2 and a3, and declares no place and no representativeness.

Code 851 x Multiplier for winter [8512]Selected component

Fills the ohm winter_wet and winter_dry positions. The record declares target ohm_coefficients, name 'Code 851 x Multiplier for winter [8512]', season_label Winter and source ward2016, carries a1, a2 and a3, and declares no place and no representativeness.

Assessment findings

Composite identitysupported
The composite's name reads 'Suburban residential, Ward et al. (2016)', its place reads swindon and its origin reads 'Swindon, UK'. The label names both the typology and the study the selection follows, and four of the eight components declare source ward2016, so the label identifies what the entry actually assembles.
Composite targetsupported
The composite declares target land_cover.paved. The albedo, emissivity, water_storage, drainage and snow_lim_patch slots each take a record declaring target land_cover.paved; the construction slot takes a record declaring target construction and the four ohm positions take records declaring target ohm_coefficients, which are the entry types those slots exist for. Surface records carry no attaches_to field, since attaches_to appears in this database only on the profile records under records/profiles/, so the slot check rests on the parameters each component carries: alb into albedo, emis into emissivity, store_min and store_max into water_storage, drain_eq, drain_coef_1, drain_coef_2 and wet_threshold into drainage, snowpack_limit into snow_lim_patch, and a1, a2 and a3 into each ohm position. The water_storage and drainage components both write into storage_drain_params and their keys do not overlap, so neither overrides the other. The two OHM components carry season_label: records/ohm/generic--ward2016--paved declares Summer and fills summer_wet and summer_dry, and records/ohm/generic--ward2016--paved--code-851-x-multiplier-for-winter-8512 declares Winter and fills winter_wet and winter_dry, so the season mapping follows each record's own label. Neither carries a wetness label, so a season's wet and dry positions taking the same record asserts nothing the records deny.
Own parameter valuesnot applicable
The composite declares no parameters of its own, so it overrides no component value; every number in its exported fragment arrives from a component.
Composition rationalenot applicable
The composite declares no source field and the repository records no published rationale for this selection. Each component's own source belongs to that component's evidence assessment, not to this review.
Place applicabilitysupported
The composite declares place swindon. The emissivity slot takes records/surfaces/paved/swindon--ward2016--emissivity, place swindon. The albedo, water_storage and drainage slots take records with place se-england, which db/places.yml records as 'SE England', subnational: true, country united-kingdom, the region containing Swindon, so applying them to the town is a downscaling rather than a substitution. The snow_lim_patch slot takes the generic Järvi paved-surface default, the only paved snow_lim record in the database. The construction record declares place generic and the two OHM records declare no place. The database also holds records/surfaces/paved/swindon--ward2013--drainage, place swindon, representativeness site, source ward2018, referenced by no archetype, and the drainage slot takes the se-england record instead. Both drainage records now declare source ward2018 and carry the same parameter values; they differ only in place and representativeness. This sidecar records the existing regional assembly, while deciding whether to consolidate the duplicate records remains separate human curation.
Representativenesscuration required
The composite declares representativeness city. Water storage and drainage are regional, emissivity is city-scoped, snow limit and construction are generic, and the OHM records declare no representativeness. The albedo is fitted site evidence from the Ward et al. study locations; extending that narrower evidence to a city claim requires human curation.
Slot and season mappingsupported
An assembly of eight existing records into eleven slot positions; the composite produces no value of its own.
Completeness and uniquenesssupported
The composite fills all seven slots the land_cover.paved archetypes use, so the assembly is complete, and it is the only Swindon paved typology in the database. It shares seven of its eight components with archetypes/surfaces/paved/london-uk--central-london-ward-et-al-2016 and differs in the emissivity slot, which takes records/surfaces/paved/swindon--ward2016--emissivity here and records/surfaces/paved/london--ward2016--emissivity there, so the two are distinct entries rather than duplicates. records/surfaces/paved/se-england--ward2016--water-state carries state_limit and is referenced by no archetype, but no land_cover.paved archetype anywhere declares a water_state slot, so that is a target-wide design question rather than an omission in this entry.

Scientific note

The selection follows the study the entry is named for. archetypes/surfaces/paved/swindon-uk--suburban-residential-ward-et-al-2016 declares place swindon and representativeness city, and four of its eight components declare source ward2016. The one slot with a Swindon-specific ward2016 record, emissivity, takes it; albedo takes the fitted site-scoped se-england row from that study, water storage takes the regional Järvi et al. (2011) row, and drainage takes the regional Ward et al. (2018) row. The albedo-to-city extrapolation therefore remains a human curation question. The season mapping is right, the Summer-labelled OHM record filling the two summer positions and the Winter-labelled one the two winter positions, and neither record carries a wetness label, so nothing is asserted by the wet and dry positions sharing coefficients. One alternative is worth naming so nobody has to rediscover it: records/surfaces/paved/swindon--ward2013--drainage is a Swindon record, classed site, referenced by no archetype, and the drainage slot passes over it for the regional row. Both drainage records declare source ward2018 and carry identical parameter values; only their place and representativeness differ. Preserving the regional reference keeps the established assembly stable, while deciding whether the duplicate records should be consolidated is separate curation. The remaining two slots leave the ward2016 set for want of alternatives: snow_lim_patch takes the generic Järvi paved-surface default, the only paved snowpack-limit record there is, and construction takes an archived internal fixture that contributes no exported value, since scripts/export_record.py keeps construction out of the surface fragment.

Model-ready fragment

Paste under land_cover.paved in a SUEWS YAML configuration; every value carries its citation.

alb:
  value: 0.1
  ref:
    ID: ward2016
    DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
    desc: se-england, site, land_cover
emis:
  value: 0.95
  ref:
    ID: ward2016
    DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
    desc: swindon, city
storage_drain_params:
  store_min:
    value: 0.48
    ref:
      ID: ward2018
      DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
      desc: swindon, site
  store_max:
    value: 0.48
    ref:
      ID: ward2018
      DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
      desc: swindon, site
  drain_eq:
    value: 3
    ref:
      ID: ward2018
      DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
      desc: swindon, site
  drain_coef_1:
    value: 10
    ref:
      ID: ward2018
      DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
      desc: swindon, site
  drain_coef_2:
    value: 3
    ref:
      ID: ward2018
      DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
      desc: swindon, site
wet_threshold:
  value: 0.6
  ref:
    ID: ward2018
    DOI: 10.1002/joc.5200
    desc: swindon, site
snowpack_limit:
  value: 190
  ref:
    ID: jarvi2014
    DOI: 10.5194/gmd-7-1691-2014
    desc: generic, generic, land_cover
ohm_coef:
  summer_wet:
    a1:
      value: 0.722
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.3
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: -36.14
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
  summer_dry:
    a1:
      value: 0.722
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.3
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: -36.14
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
  winter_wet:
    a1:
      value: 0.848
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.3
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: 14.16
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
  winter_dry:
    a1:
      value: 0.848
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a2:
      value: 0.3
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover
    a3:
      value: 14.16
      ref:
        ID: ward2016
        DOI: 10.1016/j.uclim.2016.05.001
        desc: land_cover

Composition review

Curation requiredReview procedure

Composite metadata

Placeswindon
Scopecity
Targetland_cover.paved · docs
Origin“Swindon, UK” (verbatim legacy string)
Schema2026.5 · legacy row 20240020

Used by 1 entry

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